| 摘要: |
| 为探究无髯鸢尾远缘杂交败育的主要原因是否是受精前障碍,以分属4个系的9个无髯鸢尾种(品种)为试材进行远缘杂交试验,对花粉活力、不同授粉方式对种间杂交结实率的影响以及常规授粉后花粉管行为进行观测,结果表明:常规授粉后,系间杂交组合Iris lactea‘lactea'×I.sibirica ‘Lichterfeldius' 和2个系内种间组合——I.sibirica ‘Viel Creme' 和西藏鸢尾正反交组合获得了种间杂种种子;提前授粉可克服马蔺×黄菖蒲种间杂交障碍,结实率由0提高到10%;对7个常规授粉未结实组合的花粉管行为进行荧光观察,发现均存在一定程度的花粉管胼胝质反应,但各组合最终均有少量花粉管伸入胚珠。无髯鸢尾种间杂交存在一定的受精前障碍,但不是远缘杂交败育的普遍决定因素,推测其最主要障碍发生在受精后。在以后的鸢尾育种过程中,应更多关注受精后障碍的克服。 |
| 关键词: 鸢尾 远缘杂交 受精前障碍 |
| DOI：10.11841/j.issn.1007-4333.2013.04.11 |
| 投稿时间：2013-01-04 |
| 基金项目:国家林业局948引进项目(2013-4-46) |
|
| Crossbreeding barriers of distant hybridization in beardless irises |
|
YANG Zhan-hui, GAO Yi-ke, SHI Yan-yan, ZHAN Qi-xiang
|
| (Landscape Architecture School, Beijing Forestry University/China National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing 100083, China) |
| Abstract: |
| The aim of this research was to probe whether the main hybrid barrier occurred pro-zygotic in distant hybridization in beardless irises.The cross experiments between 9 species (cultivars) belonging to 4 beardless series were carried out.Among 12 combinations by common pollination,only one combination of Iris lactea‘lactea'×I.sibirica ‘Lichterfeldius' whose parents were from different series,and 2 combinations of the reciprocal crosses between I.clarkei and I.sibirica ‘Viel Creme' whose parents were in the same series obtained hybrid seeds.Advanced pollination,to some extent,could overcome cross obstacle in I.lactea var.chinensis×I.pseudacorus whose seed setting rate was increased to 10%.Through pollen tube behavior observation of 7 combinations without capsules after conventional pollination,we found that callose response within pollen tube was the most general pro-zygotic barriers which existed in all 7 combinations.It was observed that pollen tubes inserted into the ovules in all combinations,which suggested that pro-zygotic barriers was not the deceive reason leading to cross incompatibility the major obstacle was speculated to occurred after fertilization in Iris.More attention should be paid to the overcome of post-zygotic barriers rather than the pro-zygotic barriers in Iris breeding. |
| Key words: Iris L. distant hybridization pro-zygotic barriers |
