| 摘要: |
| 为探讨不同温度条件下日光温室甜樱桃性器官发育及受精进程的差异,以6年生甜樱桃'红艳’为试材,利用石蜡切片法和荧光显微技术对不同温度条件下甜樱桃的花芽形态分化、雌雄配子发育、受精过程进行了观察。结果表明:日光温室条件下,花芽在硬核期开始形态分化,高温区花芽形态分化时间短,花序间发育较整齐,单花分化需45 d左右,而低温区则相反,且单花分化需75 d左右;高温区次生造胞细胞持续分裂时间缩短、小孢子母细胞的持续时间短、雄配子体的形成速度快且整齐度高,低温区相反;高温区从造胞细胞到雌配子体形成需14 d左右,而低温区需20 d左右;不同温区胚的发育进程相似,但高温区从授粉到受精的时间比低温区延长约36 h,达120 h。日光温室条件下,高低温均影响甜樱桃的生殖生长,高温使甜樱桃的花芽分化开始早,花芽形态分化及雌雄配子的发育时间短,但受精进程减慢。 |
| 关键词: 甜樱桃 温室 花芽分化 受精 |
| DOI：10.11841/j.issn.1007-4333.2013.02.010 |
| 投稿时间：2012-06-01 |
| 基金项目:河南省基础与前沿研究项目(092300410080); 河南科技大学基金项目(2006ZY017,2007ZY018) |
|
| Sexual organ development and fertilization of sweet cherry under different temperatures in a solar greenhouse |
|
LI Xiu-zhen1,2, LI Xue-qiang2
|
| (1.College of Agronomy and Biotechnology,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193,China;2.Forestry College,Henan University of Science and Technology,Luoyang 471003,China) |
| Abstract: |
| To explore the effects of different temperatures in a solar greenhouse on the sexual organ development and fertilization of sweet cherry,the differentiation of flower bud,development of male-female gametophyte and fertilization process under different temperature conditions were investigated by using 6-year-old Zhuangyuan grooved in solar greenhouse through the paraffin-cut section method and fluorescence microscopy photography.The results indicated that the morpho-differentiation of flower bud in a solar greenhouse started at the beginning of core-hardening stage.In the high temperature area,the time of differentiation was reduced.The development of inflorescence roughly corresponded to each other.The formation of single flower needed about 45 d.But all these parameters were opposite in low temperature area.The single flower development would take about 75d.The duration of secondary sporogenous cell division and microspore mother cell was shortened.The formation of male gametophyte was fast and uniformly,but opposite at low temperature area.The time from sporogenous cell to female gametophyte needed for 14 days at high temperature,but 20 days at low temperature.The embryo development in high or low temperature area was similar.However,the time from pollination to fertilization was extended to 120 h,36 h longer,in the high temperature area.It can be thus concluded the temperature in a solar greenhouse affected the reproductive growth of sweet cherry.High temperature could make the differentiation of flower bud start early,reduce the duration of both morpho-differentiation of flower bud and the male-female gametophyte development but slow the process of fertilization. |
| Key words: sweet cherry solar greenhouse flower bud differentiation fertilization |
