| 摘要: |
| 能源植物及其生产是生物质能源的发展基础,也有利于减少温室气体排放、发展低碳经济。在分析总结当前国内外能源植物主要概念的基础上,利用植物系统法、光合途径、生活周期和化学成分组成及其利用等方法对能源植物进行了分类。如以化学成分组成及其利用可将能源植物分为糖料植物、淀粉植物、油料植物、含油微藻植物和木质纤维素植物5类,各类能源植物各有其主要特点。对能源作物的转化利用技术及其产品现状和前景进行系统的分析,目前由生物质转化的液体燃料主要包括乙醇、生物柴油和生物质裂解油,由生物质转化的气体燃料包括生物质燃气、沼气和氢气,生物质经压缩成型或炭化工艺可生产生物质颗粒,生物质以热电联产技术经直燃可大规模发电和供暖。 |
| 关键词: 作物 能源植物 生物质 能源转化 |
| DOI：10.11841/j.issn.1007-4333.2011.02.001 |
| 投稿时间：2010-09-01 |
| 基金项目:国家"十一五"科技支撑计划课题(2006BAD07A04); 公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费资助项目(nyhyzx07-011) |
|
| An overview on classification and utilizations of energy plants |
|
XIE Guang-hui
|
| (College of Agronomy and Biotechnology/Biomass Engineering Center,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100139,China) |
| Abstract: |
| Energy plant cultivation has been recognized to be essential for biomass energy production,which will enhance greenhouse gas emission reduction and low carbon economy.In this article we overviewed the energy plant concepts and clarified energy plant classification based on the plant system,photosynthesis pathway,life cycle,and chemical composition and utilization.Energy plants are classified into sugar plant,starch plant,oil plant,oil microalgae,and lignocellulosic plant based on their chemical composition and utilization.Afterwards,the latest technologies of conversion from biomass to energy and related bioenergy products were overviewed.Liquid biofuels include bio-ethanol,bio-diesel,and pyrolysis oil and gaseous bio-fuels include synthesis gas,biogas,and hydrogen.From lignocellulosic biomass feedstocks pellet and briquette are produced with compaction technologies and electricity and heat are conversed with the combined heat and power generation technologies. |
| Key words: crop energy plant biomass energy transform |
