| 摘要: |
| 基于中国农产品成本收益资料与中国农村统计年鉴等基础数据,选择浙江、河南和四川3个处于不同经济区位和发展水平下的典型省份,系统分析了3个地区1980—2007年的耕地利用方式、集约度及其内部结构以及耕地产出的变化情况。结果显示:在种植结构上,近年来粮食播种面积占总播种面积的比例降幅次序为浙江>河南>四川,浙江蔬菜瓜果占地比例增加,而其他2省粮食作物仍占主导地位;劳动集约度持续下降,下降幅度浙江>河南>四川,到2007年形成劳动集约度水平与三地经济发展水平呈反比的关系;机械投入表现为与经济发展水平的正比关系;但经济发达省份在种子、化肥和农药等增产性投入方面未表现出显著优势,其增加幅度次序为河南>浙江>四川;从耕地产出变化情况看,近年来耕地生产率的增长幅度显著低于劳动生产率,劳动生产率的快速提高在经济发达的浙江更为显著,说明经济发展水平越高地区的农户,在耕地利用中越重视追求劳动生产率最大化的目标。 |
| 关键词: 耕地利用 种植结构 劳动集约度 投入产出 |
| DOI：10.11841/j.issn.1007-4333.2011.01.021 |
| 投稿时间：2010-05-04 |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目(40971062) |
|
| Comparison of the agricultural land use changesat different economic levels |
|
CHEN Yu-qi, LI Xiu-bin, ZHU Hui-yi, ZHAO Yu-luan
|
| (Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China) |
| Abstract: |
| Based on the cost-income data of farm products and the China Agricultural Yearbook,the changes of land use and output in the period of 1980－2007 were analyzed,with examples of three provinces,Zhejiang,Henan and Sichuan,representing different economic levels.The results showed that: 1) The decrease rate of the proportion of cereal crops area in total sown-area was accordant with the order of economic levels,being Zhejiang>Henan>Sichuan.The sown area proportion of vegetables and fruits in Zhejiang was much higher than that of the other two provinces. 2) The labor intensity decreased rapidly,with a decreasing order of Zhejiang>Henan>Sichuan.In 2007,there was an inverse relationship between the intensity and economic level. 3) Machinery input was proportionally related with economic level.The developed area didn't have significant increases in the inputs such as seeds,chemical fertilizer and pesticide,for increasing cereal yield.The increasing rate was in the order of Henan>Zhejiang>Sichuan. 4) The increase rate of labor productivity was much higher than that of land productivity,especially in Zhejiang,indicating that the farmers in the developed area paid more emphasis on labor productivity. |
| Key words: agricultural land use cropping structure labor intensity input output |
