| 摘要: |
| 利用黄河首曲流域草原牧场气候资料和牧业生态定位观测资料及统计资料,分析黄河首曲流域草原牧场气候变化特征,及其对牲畜生存的影响。结果表明,黄河首曲流域牧场大部分区域降水量年际变化呈下降趋势,降水量年际变化存在2~4年、6~7年、10~11年的周期性振荡特征。气温年际变化趋势呈上升趋势,增温速度均大于全国增温速度。1983年之前气温以偏冷为主,1984年之后持续偏暖。草地年干燥指数呈显著上升趋势,近20年明显趋于干旱化,牧区草场产草数量和质量下降,劣等牧草、杂草和毒草的数量上升,草场生产力进一步下降。由于冬、春季气温升高,降雪减少,牧区雪灾趋于减少,牲畜死损率呈明显下降趋势。1984年后幼畜成活率持续在80%以上的较高水平。 |
| 关键词: 气候变化 牲畜 死亡率 成活率 草原生态 黄河首曲流域 可持续发展 |
| DOI：10.11841/j.issn.1007-4333.2007.01.007 |
| 投稿时间：2006-07-03 |
| 基金项目:科技部科研院所社会公益研究专项基金;甘肃省科技攻关项目;中国气象局成都高原气象研究所高原气象开放基金;兰州区域气象中心基金 |
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| Climatic changes over the grassland around the first meander of Yellow River and its influence on animal subsistence |
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| Abstract: |
| Based on the climate data of plain meadow and the zoology orientation observational data of animal in the first meander of the Yellow River area,the climatic changes and its influence on the animal husbandry are analyzed.The results show that the annual change of precipitation has a descendant trend in most meadows around the first meander of the Yellow River and shows a 24 a,67 a and 1011 a periodicities.It is found that the annual change of average temperature behaves an ascendant trend and this ascending speed is higher than that of whole nation.The average temperature before 1983 is little lower;but it kept a continuate warm period after 1984.The annual aridity index shows a remarkable ascendant trend during the later 1980s to 2004,thereby the pasture output and quality lean to descending and the proportion of weeds and poisonous weeds lean to increase,productivity of grass fields shows descendant trend.Because of temperature rising and snowfall reducing in winter and spring,the annual death rate of livestock tends to decrease and the annual survive rate of young animals tends to increase. |
| Key words: climatic changes,animal,death rate,survive rate,ecology of grassland,the first meander of the Yellow River area |
