| 摘要: |
| 将人体简化为关于矢状面对称的三刚体力学模型,肌肉、韧带和肌腱等生理组织的作用简化为作用在关节上的力矩,采用Kane方法建立动力学方程;对人体向后翻倒的过程进行计算机模拟,运用自适应格式的四阶Runge-Kutta方法计算数值解。结果表明:小腿角速度越大,倒地经历的时间越短,受到的地面冲量越大;大腿角速度越大,倒地经历的时间越长,受到的地面冲量越小。利用倒地时地面对人体的冲量可进一步分析骨盆在地面冲击力作用下的应力分布,对骨盆损伤的预防和诊断治疗起指导作用。 |
| 关键词: 人体模型,关节力矩,后翻,地面冲量 |
| DOI：10.11841/j.issn.1007-4333.2006.01.017 |
| 投稿时间：2005-07-05 |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目(10472132) |
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| Dynamics simulation of the human body backward fall |
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| Abstract: |
| In order to simulate the backward fall of human body to the ground after a force impact on the body from forward,a dynamics model of human body with three rigid bodies which were symmetry by sagittal plane was developed.The function of muscle,ligament and tendon were simplified as the force moment on the joint.Using Kane method to establish the dynamical equation.Using self-adapted RungeKutta method to obtain the numerical solution.The results brought to light the relationship between angular velocity of thigh or angular velocity of thin and kinematics parameters.The parameters include the time from impact to fall,the angle of trunk and floor and impulse of ground.It has been shown that the larger angular speed is,the shorter time during stand to fall.Mechanical research of pelvis can be carried out by using the impulse of ground.The result was useful for protection of human pelvis. |
| Key words: human body model,torque of joint,backward fall,impulse of ground |
