| 摘要: |
| 我国集约化养殖业的迅速发展带来的大量畜禽粪便废弃物已经造成了严重的环境污染。对污染现状 ,及畜禽粪便中的主要污染成分氮、磷、矿物质元素、恶臭物质、生物病原和药物添加剂对环境的危害进行了综述 ,指出饲料配方不合理是畜禽粪便废弃物中主要污染成分含量过高的重要原因。探讨了污染治理对策 ,认为应该提高饲料原料质量 ,合理饲料配方 ,使用绿色添加剂 ,并改进饲料制造工艺 ,以提高饲料中营养物质的利用率 ,减少畜禽粪便排放量并降低其有害成分含量。应通过技术手段对畜禽粪便进行有效处理并加以综合利用 ,如经过适当处理后作为肥料、燃料和饲料加以利用 ,这对于减轻畜禽粪便污染 ,减少资源浪费 ,改善生态环境具有重要意义 |
| 关键词: 畜禽粪便废弃物,污染,对策 |
| DOI： |
| 修订日期：2002-02-25 |
| 基金项目:高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金资助项目 |
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| Environmental Contamination From Animal Faeces in China and Control Countermeasures |
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| Abstract: |
| Large amount of faeces from intensive stock raising in rapid development of China has caused serious environmental contamination. Status quo of the pollution and harm of the main contaminants in faeces such as N,P, mineral elements, odour materials, bio pathogeny and drug additives were summarized. It is pointed out that unreasonable prescripts of feed are the main reason of high concentration contaminants in faeces. Countermeasures of pollution control were discussed and it is concluded that to improve feed material quality and feed prescript, to use green additives, improve feed machining techniques can increase utility of feed nutrients and decrease amount of faeces and harmful contents. It is also concluded that faeces should be disposed with new techniques and should be multi utilized as manure, fuel, feed etc. It will decrease pollution, decrease resource waste and improve entiroment. |
| Key words: animal faeces wastes,contamination,countermeasure |
