| 摘要: |
| 试验结果表明,洋槐蚜(Aphis robiniae Maccniati)、萝卜蚜(Lipapkiserysimi(Kaltenbach))、桃蚜(Myzus persicae(Sulz.)和瓜蚜(A.gossypii Glov.)的乙酰胆碱酯酶(AChE)对乙酰硫代胆碱的比活力和最大反应速度(Vmax值没有明显的差异,但是,米氏常数(Km)值,瓜蚜是其他蚜虫的2倍。4种蚜虫的 AChE 对氧乐果和抗蚜威的动力学常数具有明显的不同。瓜蚜 AChE 对抑制剂的敏感性明显低于其他蚜虫,对氧乐果的双分子速率常数(Ki)值降低10～30倍。瓜蚜 AChE 的磷酰化速率或氨基甲酰化速率(K2)以及与抑制剂的亲合力也明显低于其他蚜虫,这可能是由于瓜蚜 AChE 变构所致。根据蚜虫 AChE 对抑制剂的敏感性,将其分为4种类型,即 A、B、C 和 D 型 AChE,其中 B 型 AChE 在蚜虫种群中出现的频率与其对氧乐果和抗蚜成的敏感度显著相关。说明氧乐果和抗蚜威对蚜虫种间的选择毒性是由于靶标酶——AChE 的敏感度不同造成的。 |
| 关键词: 乙酰胆碱酯酶 选择毒性 蚜虫 杀虫剂 |
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| Abstract: |
| The characteristic of the AChEs of four species of aphids,Aphis robiniae Maccniati,Lipaphis erysimi(Kaltenbacn),Myzus persicae(Suiz)and Aphis gossypii Giov.,were investigated during 1987 to 1988.The results showed that thc specific activities and Vmax of AChEs were not singnificantly different among the species,while the value of Km of AChE in A.gossypii Glov.was two times as much as those of the other species.The kinetic-inhibited constants of AChEs to omethote and pirirnicarb in A.gossypii were significan... |
| Key words: selective toxicity AChE aphid insecticide |
