| 摘要: |
| 继元朝之后,明清两代也先后建都北京。当时的北京虽已成为全国的政治中心,但邻近都城的海河流域,却水旱频仍,农业生产低而不稳。皇室和它庞大的官僚机构所需要的粮食,不得不指靠漕运来供应,这样不仅耗工费时,而且随时又有中断之虞。所以从明代中叶以后,就不断有人倡议,兴修农田水利来提高生产,以便和北京的政治地位相适应。由于邻近皇都的地方以前又叫畿辅,所以有关这一地区的水利问题,就又有畿辅水利之 |
| 关键词: 明清两代 北运河 海河流域 徐光启 兴修水利 河道 永定河 南运河 兴修农田水利 农业生产 |
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| ON WATER CONSERVANCY IN AREAS AROUND BEIJING AT MING AND QING DYNASTYS |
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| Abstract: |
| Beijing was the capital both of Ming and Qing Dynasties(1368-1911 A.D.).It is located in Haihe Valley,where agricultural production was in lower level and unstable then.This was not appropriate to the political situation of Beijing.The major part of foods needed by the imperial families and their huge bureaucratic frames had to be sup- plied by water transport to the capital.In this case large amounts of labour and time were spent,and interruptions of transport might oc- cur at any time.Hence,after the midd... |
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